See gryf on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hryf",
"word": "гриф"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "gryf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "gmh:grīf<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “gryf”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “gryf”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span>>",
"etydate": "1412",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"grīf\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"gryf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"gryf\">\nBorrowed from Middle High German grīf. First attested in 1412.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German grīf. First attested in 1412.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gryf m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "gryf m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
43
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1412], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume VIIIa, page 118:",
"text": "Nobiles, qui in clippeo suo defferunt griff",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"griffin"
],
"id": "en-gryf-zlw-opl-noun-~FH6rY2z",
"links": [
[
"griffin",
"griffin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrif/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrif/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hryf",
"word": "гриф"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "la",
"5": "grc"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "gryf",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish gryf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "gryf"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish gryf",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Displaced"
},
"expansion": "Displaced",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nóg",
"sl": "1"
},
"expansion": "Displaced nóg",
"name": "displaced"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish gryf. Displaced nóg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "gryf m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 15th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “gryf”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 32 3 27 4 4 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"griffin (mythical creature with the body of a lion and head and wings of an eagle)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-pl:beast",
"links": [
[
"griffin",
"griffin"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:beast"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "16th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "Maria Renata Mayenowa, et al., editors (2010-2023), “gryf, Gryfus”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Heraldry",
"orig": "pl:Heraldry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 65 1 18 2 2 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 3 33 5 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 36 2 39 3 4 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 2 35 5 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 39 2 30 5 6 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 34 1 26 6 8 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 28 5 14 11 12 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 28 1 29 4 9 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 39 3 30 6 6 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 28 3 29 4 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal body parts",
"orig": "pl:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 32 3 37 5 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "pl:Musical instruments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 32 3 27 4 4 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"griffin (depiction of a griffin)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-kKYlegoY",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"griffin",
"griffin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry, Middle Polish) griffin (depiction of a griffin)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"id": "grip"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Griff",
"t": "grip, handle"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Griff (“grip, handle”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Griffbrett",
"senseid": "music"
},
"expansion": "Etymology 2 sense 2 is a semantic loan from German Griffbrett",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "r",
"2": "1769",
"3": "1777"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1769–1777",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Samuel Bogumił Linde (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1807–1814), “gryf”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite></span></span>",
"name": "R:pl:SJP1807"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Griff (“grip, handle”). Etymology 2 sense 2 is a semantic loan from German Griffbrett. Possibly a doublet of gryf (“talon”). First attested in 1769–1777.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "18th–20th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “gryf”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN"
},
{
"refn": "R:pl:SJP1807"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"grip (handle or other place to grip)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-pl:grip",
"links": [
[
"grip",
"grip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) grip (handle or other place to grip)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:grip"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "uchwyt"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 18th c.",
"references": [
{
"refn": "R:pl:SJP1807"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "pl:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 3 33 5 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 36 2 39 3 4 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 2 35 5 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 28 1 29 4 9 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 28 3 29 4 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal body parts",
"orig": "pl:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 32 3 37 5 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "pl:Musical instruments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 32 3 27 4 4 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"neck (extension of a stringed instrument)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-pl:music",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) neck (extension of a stringed instrument)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:music"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 20th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 3 10 53 5 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Weightlifting",
"orig": "pl:Weightlifting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bar (straight rod with grip for weightlifting to which weights are attached)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-pl:bar",
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:bar"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"id": "talon"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "griffe",
"t": "talon"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French griffe (“talon”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "frm",
"3": "griffe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French griffe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "grif"
},
"expansion": "Old High German grif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gripiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gripiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1807"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1807",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"name": "R:pl:Bańkowski"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French griffe (“talon”), from Middle French griffe, either deverbal from griffer, which see, or through an unattested Old French noun from Old High German grif, from Proto-Germanic *gripiz, which would make it a doublet of gryf (“grip”). First attested in 1807.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 28 3 29 4 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal body parts",
"orig": "pl:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"talon, claw (sharp, hooked claw of a bird of prey or other predatory animal)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-K2MODaGI",
"links": [
[
"talon",
"talon"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) talon, claw (sharp, hooked claw of a bird of prey or other predatory animal)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pazur"
},
{
"word": "szpon"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fro",
"4": "la",
"5": "grc"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "greffe",
"t": "scion"
},
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"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "19th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 19th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Aleksander Zdanowicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1861), “gryf”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861</cite></span></span>",
"name": "R:pl:SJP1861"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
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}
],
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"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "19th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “gryf”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 926"
},
{
"refn": "R:pl:SJP1861"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "pl:Horticulture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 9 6 12 10 13 28 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Exercise equipment",
"orig": "pl:Exercise equipment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scion (detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense)"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun-EjyPPqG6",
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"scion",
"scion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, horticulture) scion (detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zraz"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"id": "clause"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Zugriff",
"t": "access"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Zugriff (“access”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Zugriff (“access”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish requests for English equivalent term",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "pl:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 3 33 5 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 2 35 5 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 28 1 29 4 9 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 20 0 31 0 1 1 45",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horse tack",
"orig": "pl:Horse tack",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clause or condition in a legal document against unauthorized disclosure"
],
"id": "en-gryf-pl-noun--evH~1~k",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"unauthorize",
"unauthorize"
],
[
"disclosure",
"disclosure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) clause or condition in a legal document against unauthorized disclosure"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated adjective"
},
"expansion": "gryf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cryf"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cryf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soft mutation of cryf"
],
"id": "en-gryf-cy-adj-eb0dD3kh",
"links": [
[
"cryf",
"cryf#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨːv/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡriːv/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hryf",
"word": "гриф"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "gryf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "gmh:grīf<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “gryf”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “gryf”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span>>",
"etydate": "1412",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"grīf\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"gryf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"gryf\">\nBorrowed from Middle High German grīf. First attested in 1412.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German grīf. First attested in 1412.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gryf m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "gryf m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"zlw-opl:Mythological creatures"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
43
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1412], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume VIIIa, page 118:",
"text": "Nobiles, qui in clippeo suo defferunt griff",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"griffin"
],
"links": [
[
"griffin",
"griffin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrif/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrif/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal body parts",
"pl:Exercise equipment",
"pl:Horse tack",
"pl:Musical instruments",
"pl:Mythological creatures",
"pl:Weightlifting"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hryf",
"word": "гриф"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "la",
"5": "grc"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "gryf",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish gryf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "gryf"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish gryf",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Displaced"
},
"expansion": "Displaced",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nóg",
"sl": "1"
},
"expansion": "Displaced nóg",
"name": "displaced"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish gryf. Displaced nóg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "gryf m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 15th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “gryf”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN"
}
]
}
],
"glosses": [
"griffin (mythical creature with the body of a lion and head and wings of an eagle)"
],
"links": [
[
"griffin",
"griffin"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:beast"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "16th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "Maria Renata Mayenowa, et al., editors (2010-2023), “gryf, Gryfus”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"pl:Heraldry"
],
"glosses": [
"griffin (depiction of a griffin)"
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"griffin",
"griffin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry, Middle Polish) griffin (depiction of a griffin)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish semantic loans from German",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal body parts",
"pl:Exercise equipment",
"pl:Horse tack",
"pl:Musical instruments",
"pl:Mythological creatures",
"pl:Weightlifting"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"id": "grip"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Griff",
"t": "grip, handle"
},
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"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Griffbrett",
"senseid": "music"
},
"expansion": "Etymology 2 sense 2 is a semantic loan from German Griffbrett",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "r",
"2": "1769",
"3": "1777"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1769–1777",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Samuel Bogumił Linde (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1807–1814), “gryf”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite></span></span>",
"name": "R:pl:SJP1807"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Griff (“grip, handle”). Etymology 2 sense 2 is a semantic loan from German Griffbrett. Possibly a doublet of gryf (“talon”). First attested in 1769–1777.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "18th–20th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “gryf”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN"
},
{
"refn": "R:pl:SJP1807"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"grip (handle or other place to grip)"
],
"links": [
[
"grip",
"grip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) grip (handle or other place to grip)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:grip"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "uchwyt"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 18th c.",
"references": [
{
"refn": "R:pl:SJP1807"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
"pl:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"neck (extension of a stringed instrument)"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) neck (extension of a stringed instrument)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:music"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 20th c.",
"references": []
}
],
"glosses": [
"bar (straight rod with grip for weightlifting to which weights are attached)"
],
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:bar"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from French",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle French",
"Polish terms derived from Old French",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal body parts",
"pl:Exercise equipment",
"pl:Horse tack",
"pl:Musical instruments",
"pl:Mythological creatures",
"pl:Weightlifting"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"id": "talon"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "griffe",
"t": "talon"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French griffe (“talon”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "frm",
"3": "griffe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French griffe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "grif"
},
"expansion": "Old High German grif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gripiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gripiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1807"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1807",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"name": "R:pl:Bańkowski"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French griffe (“talon”), from Middle French griffe, either deverbal from griffer, which see, or through an unattested Old French noun from Old High German grif, from Proto-Germanic *gripiz, which would make it a doublet of gryf (“grip”). First attested in 1807.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"talon, claw (sharp, hooked claw of a bird of prey or other predatory animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"talon",
"talon"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) talon, claw (sharp, hooked claw of a bird of prey or other predatory animal)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pazur"
},
{
"word": "szpon"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from French",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle French",
"Polish terms derived from Old French",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal body parts",
"pl:Exercise equipment",
"pl:Horse tack",
"pl:Musical instruments",
"pl:Mythological creatures",
"pl:Weightlifting"
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fro",
"4": "la",
"5": "grc"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "greffe",
"t": "scion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French greffe (“scion”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "19th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 19th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Aleksander Zdanowicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1861), “gryf”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861</cite></span></span>",
"name": "R:pl:SJP1861"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French greffe (“scion”). First attested in the 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "19th c.",
"references": [
{
"text": "J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “gryf”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 926"
},
{
"refn": "R:pl:SJP1861"
}
]
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"pl:Horticulture"
],
"glosses": [
"scion (detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense)"
],
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"scion",
"scion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, horticulture) scion (detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zraz"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘf/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal body parts",
"pl:Exercise equipment",
"pl:Horse tack",
"pl:Musical instruments",
"pl:Mythological creatures",
"pl:Weightlifting"
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"id": "clause"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Zugriff",
"t": "access"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Zugriff (“access”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Zugriff (“access”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gryfy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gryf m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gryf"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gryf"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish requests for English equivalent term",
"pl:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"clause or condition in a legal document against unauthorized disclosure"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"unauthorize",
"unauthorize"
],
[
"disclosure",
"disclosure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) clause or condition in a legal document against unauthorized disclosure"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɘf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨf/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘf"
},
{
"homophone": "Gryf"
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chryf",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated adjective"
},
"expansion": "gryf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cryf"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh mutated adjectives",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh soft-mutation forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cryf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soft mutation of cryf"
],
"links": [
[
"cryf",
"cryf#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɨːv/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡriːv/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "gryf"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gryf meaning in All languages combined (25.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'gryf m animacy unattested' in 'gryf m animacy unattested'",
"path": [
"gryf"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gryf",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gryf/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"gryf"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gryf",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gryf/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"gryf"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gryf",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gryf/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"gryf"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "gryf",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.